Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
dezesseis
←
Old Portuguese
dez
(derived)
←
Old Portuguese
e
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
seys
(mention)
→
Spanish
dieciséis
(cognate)