Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
cauda
←
Latin
cauda
(borrowed)
←
Portuguese
cola
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
cola
(doublet)
→
Portuguese
cola
(link)
→
Portuguese
cola
(link)
→
Portuguese
caudal
(affix)