Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
carvalho
←
Asturian
carba
(cognate)
←
Spanish
carvallo
(cognate)
←
Galician
carballo
(cognate)
←
Galician
carba
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
carvallo
(mention)
→
Galician
carballo
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
carvalheira
(suffix)
→
Portuguese
Carvalho
(mention)