Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Portuguese boi
Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (derived)
Proto-Italic *gʷōs (derived)
Latin bovem (inherited)
Latin *boem (mention)
Latin bōs (mention)
Portuguese bife (doublet)
Old Portuguese boi (inherited)

English Boi (mention)
Latvian govs (cognate)
Portuguese vaca (link)
Portuguese bife (doublet)
Portuguese boiada (affix)
Portuguese boieiro (suffix)
Portuguese peixe-boi (affix)