Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
Hawaí
←
Hawaiian
Hawaiʻi
(derived)
←
Hawaiian
Hawaiki
(mention)
←
Proto-Nuclear Polynesian
*Sawaiki
(derived)