Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Portuguese
Escócia
←
Latin
Scōtia
(borrowed)
←
Old Portuguese
Escoça
(cognate)
→
Portuguese
escocês
(affix)
→
Portuguese
Nova Escócia
(affix)