Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
singiel
←
English
single
(borrowed)
←
Middle English
single
(derived)
←
Middle English
sengle
(mention)
←
Old French
sengle
(derived)
←
Old French
saingle
(mention)
←
Old French
sangle
(mention)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*sem-
(derived)
←
Latin
singulus
(derived)