Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
osiem
←
Proto-Indo-European
*oḱtṓw
(mention)
←
Proto-Slavic
*osmь
(inherited)
→
Polish
ośmioro
(affix)
→
Polish
ośmiokroć
(affix)
→
Polish
ośmiolatek
(affix)