Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
ośmioro
←
Polish
osiem
(affix)
←
Polish
-oro
(affix)
←
Proto-Slavic
*osmero
(inherited)
→
Polish
ośmiornica
(affix)