Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
magiel
←
German
Mangel
(borrowed)
←
Middle High German
mangel
(derived)
←
Middle High German
mange
(mention)
←
Ancient Greek
μάγγανον
(derived)
←
Latin
manganum
(derived)
←
Polish
mangana
(mention)
→
Polish
maglować
(suffix)