Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Polish
Ren
←
Gaulish
Rēnos
(derived)
←
Proto-Celtic
*Reinos
(derived)
←
German
Rhein
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Germanic
*Rīnaz
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₃reyH-
(derived)
→
Polish
Nadrenia
(prefix)