Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Pali
paduma
←
Sanskrit
पद्म
(derived)
→
Thai
ปทุมธานี
(borrowed)
→
Thai
ปทุมุตร
(mention)