Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old Norse
skakkr
→
English
shank
(cognate)
→
Westrobothnian
skakk
(inherited)
→
Icelandic
skakkur
(derived)