Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Old Norse Jǫrmungandr
Proto-Germanic *ermunaz (inherited)
Proto-Germanic *gandaz (mention)
Old Norse jǫrmun- (affix)
Old Norse gandr (affix)

English Jörmungandr (borrowed)
Japanese ヨルムンガンド (learned borrowing)