Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Norwegian Nynorsk
gissel
←
Proto-Celtic
*gēstlos
(derived)
←
Proto-Germanic
*gīslaz
(inherited)
←
Old Norse
gísl
(inherited)
→
Norwegian Nynorsk
gisseltakar
(compound)
→
Norwegian Nynorsk
gisseldrama
(affix)