Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Dutch
spahi
←
English
sepoy
(cognate)
←
Persian
سپاهی
(derived)
←
Persian
سپاه
(mention)
←
French
spahi
(borrowed)
←
Ottoman Turkish
سپاهی
(derived)