Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Dutch
falanx
←
English
phalanx
(cognate)
←
Ancient Greek
φάλαγξ
(derived)
←
Latin
phalanx
(borrowed)