Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Low German
Gör
←
English
girl
(cognate)
←
Proto-Germanic
*gurwijaz
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gʷʰergʰ-
(derived)
→
English
girl
(cognate)