Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Malay
bawang
←
Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
*bawaŋ
(inherited)
→
Indonesian
bawang
(inherited)
→
Malay
bawang putih
(compound)
→
Malay
membawang
(prefix)
→
Malay
bawang merah
(compound)
→
Ternate
bawa
(derived)
→
Tagalog
bawang
(cognate)