Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Middle Irish boga
← Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ- (root)
← Old Norse bogi (borrowed)

→ Irish bogha (inherited)
→ Irish boghdóir (mention)
→ Scottish Gaelic boghadair (mention)
→ Scottish Gaelic bogha (inherited)
→ Middle Irish bogatóir (affix)