Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Scottish Gaelic
bogha
←
Proto-Indo-European
*bʰewgʰ-
(root)
←
Middle Irish
boga
(inherited)
←
Old Norse
bogi
(derived)