Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Latvian kauls
Proto-Balto-Slavic *káuˀlas (inherited)
Proto-Indo-European *keh₂ulós (inherited)

Ancient Greek καυλός (cognate)
Latin caulis (cognate)
Latvian mugurkauls (compound)
Latvian Kauliņš (suffix)
Latvian kaulene (suffix)