Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
sardus
←
Undetermined
*sard, *shard
(mention)
→
English
Sherden
(cognate)
→
Catalan
sard
(derived)
→
Latin
sarda
(mention)
→
Sardinian
Sardu
(cognate)