Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
pūgiō
→
Spanish
puya
(derived)
→
Galician
puga
(mention)
→
Italian
pugio
(borrowed)
→
Italian
pugione
(mention)
→
Latin
pugiunculus
(affix)