Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
centesimus
←
Old Latin
(derived)
←
Proto-Italic
(cognate)
←
Latin
centum
(mention)
←
Latin
vigēsimus
(mention)
→
English
infinitesimal
(mention)
→
Dutch
centiem
(derived)