Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
centēnus
→
Catalan
centè
(inherited)
→
Spanish
centeno
(derived)
→
Spanish
centeno
(derived)
→
Galician
centeo
(inherited)
→
Latin
Centenius
(affix)
→
Portuguese
centeio
(inherited)