Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Latin
castra
←
Latin
castrum
(mention)
→
English
Novocastrian
(mention)
→
English
Cheshire
(derived)
→
English
Manchester
(derived)
→
English
Winchester
(derived)
→
English
castrametation
(derived)
→
English
castrensial
(mention)
→
Old English
ceaster
(derived)
→
Spanish
Castro
(derived)
→
Latin
castrensis
(suffix)
→
Dutch
Kesteren
(derived)
→
Romanian
castru
(borrowed)