Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Japanese
桜島
←
Japanese
桜
(compound)
←
Japanese
島
(compound)
→
English
Sakurajima
(borrowed)
→
Japanese
桜島大根
(mention)