Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Italian
polpo
←
Ancient Greek
πολύπους
(derived)
←
Italian
polpa
(mention)
←
Latin
polypus
(derived)
→
Esperanto
polpo
(borrowed)
→
Spanish
pulpo
(cognate)
→
Italian
polpa
(mention)
→
Portuguese
polvo
(cognate)