Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Italian polpa
← Proto-Indo-European *pel- (derived)
← Italian polpo (mention)
← Old Latin *pelpa (inherited)
← Latin pulpa (inherited)

→ Italian polpo (mention)
→ Italian polpetta (mention)
→ Italian polposo (suffix)
→ Italian polputo (affix)
→ Italian impolpare (affix)