Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Italian
gladio
←
Gaulish
*kladyos
(derived)
←
Proto-Celtic
*kladiwos
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*kelh₂-
(derived)
←
Latin
gladius
(borrowed)
→
Italian
ghiado
(doublet)