Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Italian
carcere
←
Spanish
cárcel
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*kr-kr-
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*(s)ker-
(mention)
←
Proto-Italic
*karkros
(inherited)
←
Latin
carcerem
(inherited)
←
Latin
carcer
(mention)
←
Portuguese
cárcere
(cognate)
←
Old Catalan
càrcer
(cognate)
←
Old Catalan
carçre
(mention)
→
Galician
cárcere
(cognate)
→
Italian
carceriere
(suffix)
→
Italian
supercarcere
(prefix)
→
Italian
carceramento
(suffix)