Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Italian
avo
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₂éwh₂os
(inherited)
←
Latin
avus
(inherited)
←
Portuguese
avô
(cognate)
←
Portuguese
avó
(mention)
→
Catalan
avi
(cognate)
→
Friulian
von
(cognate)
→
Ido
avo
(borrowed)
→
Italian
bisavo
(prefix)