Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
hagur
←
Proto-Germanic
*hagaz
(inherited)
←
Old Norse
hagr
(inherited)
→
Proto-Norse
ᚺᚨᚷᛁᚱᚨᛞᚨᛉ
(cognate)
→
Icelandic
hagsbót
(affix)
→
Icelandic
efnahagur
(affix)