Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Icelandic
flengja
←
Proto-Germanic
*flangijaną
(derived)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*pleh₂k-
(derived)
←
Old Norse
flengja
(inherited)
→
English
fling
(cognate)