Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*wag-
→
English
amain
(root)
→
English
amain
(derived)
→
Latin
vagina
(inherited)
→
Norwegian Bokmål
vanilje
(derived)