Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*spheh₁y-
→
Portuguese
espiga
(derived(pt/roa-opt))
→
Portuguese
espiga
(derived)
→
Portuguese
espículo
(derived)