Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-European
*údteros
→
Ancient Greek
ὑστέρα
(inherited)
→
Ancient Greek
ὕστερος
(derived)
→
Ancient Greek
ύστερος
(derived(grc/el))
→
Sanskrit
उत्तर
(inherited)