Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-Aryan
*bindúṣ
→
Bhojpuri
बुन्नी
(derived)
→
Sanskrit
बिन्दु
(inherited)
→
Old Irish
bannae
(cognate)