Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Proto-Indo-Iranian
*Áryas
→
Avestan
𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀
(inherited)
→
Hindi
आर्यन
(derived)
→
Old Persian
𐎠𐎼𐎡𐎹
(inherited)
→
Sanskrit
आर्य
(inherited)