Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
xulgado
←
Latin
iūdicātus
(derived)
←
Old Leonese
julgado
(borrowed)
←
Old Portuguese
julgado
(inherited)