Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
merda
←
Proto-Indo-European
*smerd-h₂-
(derived)
←
Proto-Italic
*(s)merdā
(inherited)
←
Latin
merda
(inherited)
←
Old Portuguese
*merda
(inherited)
→
Galician
de merda
(mention)
→
Galician
merdento
(suffix)
→
Galician
enmerdar
(affix)