Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Galician
engastar
←
French
chaton
(cognate)
←
Old French
chastun
(borrowed)
←
Proto-Germanic
*kazą
(derived)
←
Galician
engastoar
(link)
←
Old Portuguese
castoar
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
encastoar
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
en-
(mention)
←
Old Portuguese
caston
(mention)
→
Galician
gastar
(mention)