Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
...
Proto-Germanic *reufaną

→ English rub (derived)
→ English rubble (derived)
→ Old English reofan (inherited)
→ Danish ræv (derived(da/nb))
→ Danish røv (derived)
→ Old Swedish ryva (inherited)
→ Icelandic rjúfa (derived)
→ Old Norse rjúfa (inherited)