Examples: cartography card archaeology archetype monarchy legal loyal purse personal cinema kinase car carpenter hippopotamus Mesopotamia dative data date
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Proto-Germanic *gunþifanô

→ English gonfalon (derived)
→ Old English guþfana (inherited)
→ Old French gonfalon (derived)
→ Old French gonfanon (derived)
→ Old French gunfanun (derived)
→ Italian gonfalone (derived)