Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Scottish Gaelic
uachdar
←
Proto-Celtic
*ouxsterom
(inherited)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*h₃ewp-s-
(derived)
←
Old Irish
[[úachtar]], [[óchtar]]
(inherited)
→
Irish
uachtar
(cognate)