Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Scottish Gaelic
bìth
←
Proto-Celtic
*bitu
(inherited)
←
English
cud
(cognate)
←
Proto-Indo-European
*gʷétu
(inherited)
←
Old Irish
bí
(inherited)
→
Latin
bitumen
(cognate)
→
Sanskrit
जतु
(cognate)