Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Irish
X-gha
←
German
X-Strahl
(derived)
←
English
X-ray
(calque)
→
Irish
X-ghathaigh
(affix)
→
Irish
X-ghathach
(affix)