Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Irish
Cathal
←
Gaulish
Katouualos
(cognate)
←
Proto-Celtic
*Katuwalos
(inherited)
←
Proto-Celtic
*walos
(mention)
←
Welsh
Cadwal
(cognate)
←
Irish
cath
(mention)
←
Irish
Domhnall
(mention)
←
Irish
Dónall
(mention)
←
Irish
Conall
(mention)
←
Old Welsh
Catgual
(cognate)
←
Old Irish
Cathal
(inherited)
→
English
Cathal
(borrowed)
→
Italian
Cataldo
(derived)