Examples:
cartography
card
archaeology
archetype
monarchy
legal
loyal
purse
personal
cinema
kinase
car
carpenter
hippopotamus
Mesopotamia
dative
data
date
...
Old French
vain
→
English
vain
(derived)
→
Middle English
vein
(borrowed)
→
French
vain
(inherited)
→
Norman
vain
(inherited)